Pre-workout supplements are very popular among athletes and fitness enthusiasts. (1) The multi-ingredient formulas are often created to provide the energy boost you need to support your training performance. But with so many pre-workout supplements available today, it’s hard to know which one you should choose.
Our team of fitness and nutrition experts is dedicated to providing you with the information you need to choose a pre-workout that works and fits your needs. In our Jacked Factory Nitrosurge review, we’ll evaluate this pre-workout supplement using our custom pre-workout testing methodology, examining ingredients, effectiveness, cost, and safety, and comparing the label and claims to the scientific evidence.
Medical disclaimer: This article is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for medical advice. For health advice, contact a licensed healthcare provider.
Key product features
What you should know
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge suits all fitness levels, from beginners who want to avoid the pre-workout formula jitters to fitness enthusiasts looking for explosive energy for exercise.
- The Nitrosurge Supplement Facts includes information for one-scoop and two-scoop servings, allowing you to customize your pre-workout drink based on nutrition needs and fitness goals.
- Depending on serving size, Nitrosurge ranges from $0.93 to $1.87 per serving, falling within the average market price for pre-workout supplements.
- We think Jacked Factory Nitrosurge pre-workout makes a good choice for folks looking for an exercise energy boost without being overly stimulating.
- The pre-workout supplement has 1.6 to 3.2 grams of beta-alanine per serving, falling a bit short of the recommended 4 to 6 grams. (1)
- L-theanine and theobromine are nootropics in Nitrosurge that may help you focus while working out, maximizing performance and minimizing the risk of injuries. (2)
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge overview
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge pre-workout powder provides many of the ingredients you’d expect in a pre-workout formula. However, the dosing of some active ingredients may not meet the recommended level to be effective.
Nitrosurge ingredients
Nitrosurge has many of the key ingredients found in a pre-workout supplement, including:
L-citrulline
L-citrulline is a nonessential amino acid and nitric oxide enhancer that increases blood flow and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during a workout. (3) Sports nutrition experts recommend 6 to 8 grams of L-citrulline daily for energy-boosting benefits. (1)
Beta-alanine
Beta-alanine is an amino acid needed to create carnosine, a dipeptide composed of the two amino acids beta-alanine and L-histidine. (4) Carnosine is found primarily in the muscle and works to reduce muscle fatigue to benefit performance. Larger concentrations of carnosine in the muscle may alleviate exercise-induced fatigue, allowing you to work out longer. (1, 4)
Supplementing with 4 to 6 grams of beta-alanine increases muscle carnosine concentration, benefiting HIIT workouts and exercise endurance. (1, 4)
Betaine anhydrous
Betaine anhydrous is a compound naturally produced in the body and obtained from food that supports cell hydration, protects cells, and aids in creatine production. (5) Similar to creatine, which assists in cellular energy production, having a higher concentration of both in muscle enhances exercise endurance and muscle-pumping power and recovery. (1)
Though less is known about the ergogenic benefits of betaine anhydrous, early research suggests it allows you to lift heavier for longer periods, delaying fatigue, and may support muscle growth. (1, 5) Sports nutrition experts suggest 1.25 to 2.5 grams of betaine per-day as a pre- or post-workout supplement. (1)
Caffeine anhydrous
Caffeine anhydrous is a highly studied athletic stimulant and a key ingredient in many pre-workout formulas. Low-to-moderate doses of caffeine enhance exercise performance by supporting energy, endurance, and focus. (1, 6)
Pre-workout supplements generally contain about 200-300 milligrams of caffeine per serving. (1) Because of caffeine’s positive effects on exercise, we give high ratings to pre-workout supplements with caffeine anhydrous. (1)
Nootropics
Nootropics are compounds that help you focus. (7) L-theanine and theobromine are two key nootropics in Jacked Factory Nitrosurge. The focus-enhancing ingredients may boost mood, reduce stress, and help you sleep better. (2, 8)
Research investigating the potential benefits of including nootropics in a pre-workout is limited. Still, improved focus during a workout may make you more present and engaged, improving performance and results. (1)
AstraGin®
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge also contains AstraGin, a proprietary compound consisting of astragalus and ginseng, botanicals that may improve nutrient absorption. However, research is limited, with one study showing improvements in the absorption of arginine, an amino acid used in some pre-workout formulas that the body converts to citrulline, and an increase in nitric oxide production. (1, 9, 10) How it benefits the Jacked Factory formula is unclear.
Sweeteners
The pre-workout supplement from Jacked Factory has no sugar or calories, but it’s sweetened with the artificial sweeteners sucralose and acesulfame potassium (Ace-K). Sweeteners aren’t a key pre-workout ingredient for enhancing performance, but they are one we want to point out for those avoiding or limiting artificial ingredients.
Recent reports express some concern over the use of artificial sweeteners, noting that they may cause stomach upset or headaches, but they’re generally recognized as safe. (11) It’s okay to consume foods made with artificial sweeteners, but limiting your intake is better for overall health.
Nitrosurge dosage and effectiveness
One of the major drawbacks of Nutrosurge is dosing. One scoop provides:
- 3 grams of L-citrulline, versus the clinically effective daily dose of 6 to 8 grams (1)
- 1.6 grams of beta-alanine, versus the clinically effective daily dose of 4 to 6 grams (1, 4)
- 1.25 grams of betaine anhydrous, versus the clinically effective daily dose of 1.25 to 2.5 grams (1)
- 180 milligrams of caffeine anhydrous, versus the clinically effective dose of 180 to 300 milligrams (1)
Key ingredient dosing for the pre-workout may be lower than the clinically effective dose. Still, Nitrosurge is a good choice for gym-goers looking for a less stimulating pre-workout supplement that may cause fewer side effects.
Value and safety
At $0.93 per scoop, Nitrosurge is priced below the average market for pre-workout supplements. The lower price makes it a good value for those who want to try pre-workout supplements without making a huge investment.
However, Jacked Factory may be able to keep the price point lower by opting out of third-party testing. The FDA oversees dietary supplements but doesn’t test products for safety or effectiveness. The FDA only requires supplement makers to manufacture their products in facilities that follow Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). (12)
It’s up to the manufacturer to ensure supplement safety and effectiveness. Third-party testing is an independent evaluation of a supplement that checks ingredients and potency for an added layer of protection.
Nitrosurge is made in a GMP facility but not independently lab- or third-party tested.
Nitrosurge pre-workout side effects
Because of the lower dosing of key ingredients, Nitrosurge may cause fewer pre-workout side effects. Nitric oxide enhancers like L-citrulline may cause flushing or skin irritation, while high intakes of caffeine may cause anxiety, heart palpitations, or difficulty sleeping. (13)
Pre-workouts are safe for most healthy people as long as they take the supplement as directed on the label. (1, 13) Unfortunately, some people may take multiple doses of pre-workout powder a day, consuming more than the 400-milligram daily limit for caffeine, leading to unwanted side effects. (13, 14) A double dose of Nitrosurge provides 360 milligrams of caffeine, nearly meeting your daily caffeine limit.
Caffeine may also come from other food items, like coffee, energy drinks, or tea. (14) Cutting back on other sources of caffeine when using a pre-workout can reduce the risk of side effects. It’s important to work your way up in caffeine dose when learning your personal tolerance.
Before starting the use of any pre-workout supplement, consult your doctor or a registered dietitian for individualized guidance on ingredients and doses for your needs.
What customers are saying
More than 22,000 Amazon Customers have reviewed Jacked Factory Nitrosurge, giving the pre-workout an overall rating of 4.3 out of 5. Customer reviews give high marks for taste, effectiveness, and price. However, some consumers report that the supplement makes them feel jittery and tingly.
“I’ve been using the NITROSURGE Pre-Workout Supplement for 2 weeks now, and it has undoubtedly made a noticeable difference in my workout routine…However, the high stimulant content and the tingling sensation may not suit everyone,” says Mister July, a verified Amazon customer.
“The blueberry lemonade flavor is so good, and it dissolves super easily in water. I didn’t have that weird jittery or shaky feeling that I’ve gotten with other pre-workouts, which was a big plus for me.”
Cindy O., Amazon
Mike J. is an Amazon customer who didn’t like the taste or the high caffeine content in the double scoop serving of Nitrosurge. “If taste is low on your list, feel free to entertain this option. It gives a smooth bump in energy and is formulated well for that. I do believe the max scoop is too great in caffeine content, so I’d stay away from double scooping, 360mg, but that’s your decision.”
We’ve featured Jacked Factory Nitrosurge in:
Specs
| Key ingredients | L-citrulline, beta-alanine, betaine anhydrous, caffeine anhydrous, L-theanine, theobromine |
| Flavors | Cherry limeade, arctic white, black cherry, blue raspberry, blueberry lemonade, cherry limeade, fruit punch, grape, green apple, pineapple, sour peach rings, and watermelon |
| Serving size | 1 to 2 scoops (8.4 to 16.8 g) |
| Price per serving | $0.93 to $1.87 |
| Servings per container | 15 to 30 |
| Caffeine per serving | 180 to 360 mg |
| Third-party testing | No |
Key product features
What you should know
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred is a fat-burning pre-workout supplement that provides 180 milligrams of caffeine anhydrous and 1 gram of acetyl L-carnitine per scoop. The main difference between Nitrosurge Shred and the original formula is the added acetyl L-carnitine, an amino acid derivative that supports using fat for energy. (15)
- The added acetyl L-carnitine in Nitrosurge Shred claims to support body recomposition by helping burn fat for fuel. However, research is mixed on its effectiveness. (15)
- At $1.00 per scoop, Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred costs less than the average market price for pre-workout supplements.
- One scoop of the pre-workout doesn’t meet the clinically effective dose for L-citrulline or beta-alanine. (1)
- Jacked Factory’s thermogenic formula contains nootropics for focus, including L-theanine and theobromine. (1, 2)
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred overview
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred is similar to the original Nitrosurge pre-workout drink from Jacked Factory but also contains acetyl-L-carnitine to support the use of fat for energy. Here, we take a closer look at what’s in Nitrosurge Shred, how it compares to the original, and what the research says.
Nitrosurge Shred ingredients
Nitrosurge Shred has many of the same ingredients as the original Jacked Factory pre-workout supplement, including L-citrulline, beta-alanine, caffeine anhydrous, L-theanine, and theobromine. It’s also sweetened with artificial sweeteners sucralose and Ace-K.
Additional ingredients in the fat-burning pre-workout include:
Acetyl-L-carnitine
Carnitine is an amino acid made in the liver. It’s a conditionally essential nutrient, meaning under certain circumstances, such as kidney disease, you may not produce enough carnitine to meet needs. (15) Carnitine is involved in energy production, helping move long-chain fatty acids into the cell to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—the cell’s main source of energy, sparing the use of glucose and protein for energy. (15, 16)
Carnitine is primarily found in tissue that breaks down fat for energy. Acetyl-L-carnitine is a chemical and amino acid derivative naturally found in food and used in supplements like Nitrosurge Shred to support energy production. Small studies have shown that supplementation benefits athletic performance, but it may not do much to help change body composition. (15, 16)
In Nitrosurge Shred, Jacked Factory claims the acetyl-L-carnitine supports “body recomposition,” burning body fat to enhance lean muscle mass. (17) Despite its role in using fat for energy, a 2018 study published in Physical Activity and Nutrition found no changes in body fat mass in a small group of fit men taking 2 grams of carnitine a day over a nine-week period while engaging in regular strength training. (16) However, larger, more diverse studies are needed to determine the potential fat-burning benefits of carnitine.
BioPerine
BioPerine is a branded form of piperine, a compound found in black pepper that improves nutrient bioavailability for better absorption. (18) Though it’s not known how well it improves absorption of the ingredients in the pre-workout, studies show that BioPerine enhances absorption of minerals like iron. (18)
Nitrosurge Shred dosage and effectiveness
Nitrosurge Shred also contains lower doses of key ingredients like the original Jacked Factory pre-workout drink. One scoop of powder has:
- 2 grams of L-citrulline
- 1.6 grams of beta-alanine
- 180 milligrams of caffeine anhydrous
However, lower doses may lead to fewer side effects, while still providing an energy boost.
Value and safety
At $1.00 per scoop, Nitrosurge Shred is affordable compared to the average market price for pre-workouts. We give higher scores to supplements that are priced below the average market price.
Nitrosurge Shred isn’t third-party tested, but it’s made in a GMP facility.
Nitrosurge Shred pre-workout side effects
You may experience fewer side effects with Nitrosurge Shred pre-workout than with other pre-workout drinks because of lower ingredient dosing.
Caffeine content is a concern, but with 180 milligrams per scoop, Nitrosurge Shred is a low-dose formula. However, you may need to adjust caffeine intake from other drinks to avoid exceeding the daily limit.
There are no upper tolerance limits for carnitine, and it’s likely safe to consume for most people. However, it can interact with medications like antibiotics or anti-seizure drugs, and you should consult with your doctor for personalized guidance before starting a pre-workout supplement. (15)
What customers are saying
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred has an overall rating of 4.4 out of 5 on Amazon, with more than 6,800 customer reviews. Consumers on Amazon say they like the taste and effectiveness of Nitrosurge Shred, but not everyone likes the side effects.
“Awesome pre-workout. Great energy boost, without the jitters. By far the best tasting pre I’ve ever tried.”
Rick J., Amazon
Catriona M. is another verified buyer of the pre-workout drink who likes the results. “I was struggling to get through some of my more intense workouts when I try to push myself more to get more endurance. This stuff is amazing. My face and occasionally arms may tingle from the product but it isn’t intolerable. I have noticed more energy to push through and reap the benefits.”
Amazon customer Russo was unhappy with how the pre-workout caused a drop in energy later in the day. “I was loving this for a few days until I noticed by mid afternoon I was exhausted. Nothings changed in my routine but I would be so tired. Decided to test a different product and no afternoon crash. Did this one again for a few days and noticed a significant crash by the afternoon.”
We’ve featured Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred in:
Specs
| Key ingredients | L-citrulline, beta alanine, acetyl-L-carnitine, caffeine anhydrous, L-theanine, theobromine, Bioperine |
| Flavors | Black cherry, blue raspberry, blueberry lemonade, fruit punch, orange pineapple, and watermelon |
| Serving size | 1 scoop (7.2 g) |
| Price per serving | $1.00 |
| Servings per container | 30 |
| Caffeine per serving | 180 mg |
| Third-party tested | No |
Compare Jacked Factory
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Jacked Factory Nitrosurge | Jacked Factory Nitrosurge Shred | Legion Athletics Pulse | Legion Athletics Pulse Stim-Free | Transparent Labs Bulk | Nutricost Pre-X | |
| Rating | ||||||
| Cost per serving | $0.93-$1.87 | $1.00 | $2.25 | $2.25 | $1.67 | $0.93 |
| Servings per container | 15-30 | 30 | 20 | 20 | 30 | 30 |
| Serving size | 1-2 scoops | 1 scoop | 2 scoops | 2 scoops | 1 scoop | 1 scoop |
| Caffeine per serving | 180-360 mg | 180 mg | 350 mg | 0 mg | 200 mg | 300 mg |
How we score pre-workout supplements
Every pre-workout supplement we review is rated across nine primary categories. Each category is assigned a different percentage weight of the total score based on its relative importance when considering whether or not you should purchase a pre-workout product. Pre-workout supplements can also earn bonus credits that boost the overall rating for third-party testing credentials, sustainable packaging, the addition of antioxidants, and more.
Learn more about our pre-workout testing methodology and stim-free pre-workout testing methodology.
Ingredients for energy (stimulants)—35%
Common stimulant sources of energy in pre-workout supplements are caffeine anhydrous, PurCaf, di-caffeine malate, and theobromine. Common stimulant-free ingredients that support energy include taurine, eleuthero root, niacin, and vitamins B6 and B12. We look for effective doses of these ingredients for energy.
Ingredients for endurance—10%
When included in effective doses, some pre-workout formula ingredients may boost mental and physical endurance during workouts. These include beta-alanine, Carnosyn, ancient peat, and apple extract, Rhodiola rosea, L-carnitine, eleuthero root, astragalus root extract, AstraGin, and Senactiv. We look for effective doses of these ingredients for endurance.
Ingredients for lean muscle support—10%
We look for 11 ingredients in effective doses that support lean muscle growth. Some of these ingredients are backed by more research than others, and they are weighted accordingly in the score for this section. The ingredients are creatine, betaine, leucine, taurine, isoleucine, valine, zinc, vitamin B, BCAAs, boron, and calcium.
Ingredients for muscle fatigue reduction—10%
We look for pre-workout formulas with ingredients shown to reduce muscle fatigue. Specifically, we look for formulas that include citrulline malate and beetroot.
Non-stim ingredients—10%
Non-stimulant ingredients, such as vitamin B12, B6, or Taurine, are important because they support energy production and overall performance without relying on stimulants like caffeine. Including non-stim ingredients ensures that the supplement provides a more balanced and sustained energy boost, reducing the risk of jitters or crashes that can come with high-stimulant products. This makes it a valuable consideration for those seeking a more natural or less intense energy boost from their pre-workout supplement.
Ingredients for focus—5%
Improved focus can add to the intensity and intentionality of your workout. Many ingredients in pre-workout formulas included for focus either aren’t backed by studies or the studies show no effect. Still, we consider the inclusion and dosing of four common pre-workout ingredients in this category, though with a much smaller weight in the overall score. They include Alpha GPC, tyrosine, huperzine A, and choline bitartrate.
Ingredients for hydration—5%
Hydration plays an important role in muscle performance and recovery. We give high scores in this category to formulas that contain sodium, potassium, and/or coconut water powder (a natural source of potassium).
Sweeteners—10%
We consider research about common sweeteners when assessing which pre-workout formulas provide the least health risks to users.
Cost per serving—5%
While price isn’t always indicative of quality or value, we do reward more affordable pre-workout supplements, though we give this category less weight than the others.
FAQs
Is Nitrosurge pre-workout good?
Nitrosurge by Jacked Factory is a good pre-workout supplement because it contains many key nutrients that support energy, endurance, and focus during exercise. However, Nitrosurge doesn’t provide clinically effective doses of some key ingredients, including L-citrulline and beta-alanine. (1) Though the lower doses may cause fewer side effects.
Does Nitrosurge have creatine?
Nitrosurge doesn’t contain creatine, a compound of amino acids that supports cellular energy production and recovery, benefiting exercise endurance and strength. (1) Creatine is a popular dietary supplement available by itself or in multi-ingredient supplements like pre-workout drinks, protein powders, and post-workout recovery formulas.
How much is Jacked Factory Nitrosurge?
Jacked Factory Nitrosurge costs $0.93 per scoop, while Nitrosurge Shred costs $1.00 per scoop. Both pre-workout drinks cost less than the average market price, making them affordable supplements for fitness enthusiasts who need an energy boost before working out.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any diseases.
Our experts
Victoria Burgess, Ph.D., CSCS, CISSN
Victoria Burgess earned her Ph.D. in Health and Human Performance from Concordia University Chicago and holds her NSCA CSCS and Certified Sports Nutritionist (CISSN). She is an adjunct professor in the Human Performance and Nutrition department at Concordia University Chicago & Parker University, where she teaches undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral-level courses.
Joana Neziri, M.S., NASM CPT
Joana is a writer, editor, and content strategist focusing on nutrition, fitness, and all things health. After earning a master’s degree in business from the University of North Florida, she began a career in research and digital marketing.
Jessica Coulon
Jessica is a contributing editor and writer who specializes in fitness, health, nutrition, and science content. Previously, she was an editor for Popular Mechanics and Bicycling, where she covered pro cycling news, wrote how-to guides, and tested all the latest and greatest bike gear. She was also a regular shoe tester and contributor for Runner’s World. You can often find her skiing or riding her mountain bike, and racing with the F1RE female enduro team.
Kelly Uhler
Kelly has a multifaceted background in elder care, health care, and copywriting. She has worked for organizations such as A Place For Mom and Homecare.com, which gave her the opportunity to work closely with families, providing reliable information to help them make informed decisions about their loved one’s health, safety, and quality of life.
Jill Corleone, RD
Fortune Recommends Nutrition Writer
About Author
Jill’s life has centered around nutrition and fitness for more than two decades. After earning her bachelor of science in nutrition at New York University in Manhattan, Jill went on to complete her internship at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey in Newark.
She spent the early part of her career working as a clinical dietitian with a focus on pediatric nutrition. She then transitioned into management. Jill began her career as a freelance writer in 2007 while working as a clinical nutrition manager in Florida. She became a full-time writer in 2010 after the birth of her first child.
Jill has written for numerous publications, including Verywellfit, Diabetes Self-Management, Huffington Post, Livestrong.com, and SFGate.
Sources
- Harty, P. S., Zabriskie, H. A., Erickson, J. L., Molling, P. E., Kerksick, C. M., & Jagim, A. R. (2018). Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: a brief review. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0247-6
- Zhang, M., Zhang, H., Jia, L., Zhang. Y., Qin, R., Xu, S., Mei, Y. (2024). Health benefits and mechanisms of theobromine. Journal of Functional Foods, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2024.106126
- Gough, L. A., Sparks, S. A., McNaughton, L. R., Higgins, M. F., Newbury, J. W., Trexler, E., Faghy, M. A., & Bridge, C. A. (2021). A critical review of citrulline malate supplementation and exercise performance. European journal of applied physiology, 121(12), 3283–3295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04774-6
- Trexler, E. T., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Stout, J. R., Hoffman, J. R., Wilborn, C. D., Sale, C., Kreider, R. B., Jäger, R., Earnest, C. P., Bannock, L., Campbell, B., Kalman, D., Ziegenfuss, T. N., & Antonio, J. (2015). International society of sports nutrition position stand: Beta-Alanine. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12, 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0090-y
- Arazi, H., Aboutalebi, S., Taati, B., Cholewa, J. M., & Candow, D. G. (2022). Effects of short-term betaine supplementation on muscle endurance and indices of endocrine function following acute high-intensity resistance exercise in young athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2041988
- Trexler, E. T., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Roelofs, E. J., Hirsch, K. R., & Mock, M. G. (2016). Effects of coffee and caffeine anhydrous on strength and sprint performance. European journal of sport science, 16(6), 702–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2015.1085097
- Malík, M., & Tlustoš, P. (2022). Nootropics as Cognitive Enhancers: Types, Dosage and Side Effects of Smart Drugs. Nutrients, 14(16), 3367. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14163367
- Baba, Y., Inagaki, S., Nakagawa, S., Kaneko, T., Kobayashi, M., & Takihara, T. (2021). Effects of l-Theanine on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. Journal of medicinal food, 24(4), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2020.4803
- EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Turck, D., Castenmiller, J., De Henauw, S., Hirsch-Ernst, K. I., Kearney, J., Maciuk, A., Mangelsdorf, I., McArdle, H. J., Naska, A., Pelaez, C., Pentieva, K., Siani, A., Thies, F., Tsabouri, S., Vinceti, M., Cubadda, F., Engel, K. H., Frenzel, T., Heinonen, M., … Knutsen, H. K. (2020). Safety of a botanical extract derived from Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceus (AstraGin™) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority, 18(5), e06099. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6099
- Lin, C., Lin, C., Wu, I., Pan, T., & Shen, Y. (2023). Pharmacokinetic effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng saponins on arginine absorption and nitric oxide production in healthy subjects. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 13(6), 307. https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v13i6.1104
- Ghusn, W., Naik, R., & Yibirin, M. (2023). The Impact of Artificial Sweeteners on Human Health and Cancer Association: A Comprehensive Clinical Review. Cureus, 15(12), e51299. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.51299
- Office of Dietary Supplements. Dietary supplements: What you should know. Accessed October 8, 2024. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/WYNTK-Consumer/
- Jagim, A. R., Camic, C. L., & Harty, P. S. (2019). Common Habits, Adverse Events, and Opinions Regarding Pre-Workout Supplement Use Among Regular Consumers. Nutrients, 11(4), 855. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040855
- National Library of Medicine. Caffeine in the diet. Accessed October 8, 2024. https://medlineplus.gov/caffeine.html
- Office of Dietary Supplements. Carnitine. Accessed October 8, 2024. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Carnitine-HealthProfessional/
- Koozehchian, M. S., Daneshfar, A., Fallah, E., Agha-Alinejad, H., Samadi, M., Kaviani, M., Kaveh B, M., Jung, Y. P., Sablouei, M. H., Moradi, N., Earnest, C. P., Chandler, T. J., & Kreider, R. B. (2018). Effects of nine weeks L-Carnitine supplementation on exercise performance, anaerobic power, and exercise-induced oxidative stress in resistance-trained males. Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry, 22(4), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.20463/jenb.2018.0026
- Pereira-Monteiro, M. R., Aragão-Santos, J. C., Vasconcelos, A. B. S., de Resende-Neto, A. G., de Almeida, A. F. S., Gobbo, L. A., Hermosilla-Perona, F., Heredia-Elvar, J. R., Del Vecchio, F. B., Aidar, F. J., & Da Silva-Grigoletto, M. E. (2024). Functional and Combined Training Promote Body Recomposition and Lower Limb Strength in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial and a Time Course Analysis. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 12(9), 932. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12090932
- Fernández-Lázaro, D., Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Córdova Martínez, A., & Seco-Calvo, J. (2020). Iron and Physical Activity: Bioavailability Enhancers, Properties of Black Pepper (Bioperine®) and Potential Applications. Nutrients, 12(6), 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061886